Paintings by El Greco

Artistic creations by El Greco Acquaintance Work of workmanship alludes with an imaginative creation, which can take a type of compelling artwork like composition, photo, fine work of engineering, structure, or an intelligent game.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Paintings by El Greco explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the previous depiction, formal examination is utilized to break down a craftsmanship by El Greco which is a painting done in the middle of 1575-76. It presents an account of a visually impaired man from the Bible got Bartimaeus shouting out to Christ to recuperate him of his visual deficiency. â€Å"The story is shrouded in the four accounts: Matthew 9:27-34, Mark 8:22-25, Luke 18:35-43 and John 9:1-22. Christ blended his salivation in with soil to make mud, which he used to mend the visually impaired man.†1 Line and structure This story shapes the topic of the work of art. The examination and representation of the writings are as contemporary Ven etian setting. The figures of Jesus and the man he mends involve the frontal area, helter-skelter to one side, and structure the focal piece of the arrangement. A gathering of individuals seeing the supernatural occurrence remain justified with two men sitting in the inside. There is a city square found out of sight, which is retreating towards the door. Behind the visually impaired man and Christ, there are stooping figures and a gathering of four individuals who are unconscious of what's going on. â€Å"The expansions of lines that the visually impaired man is utilizing for signal along with the figure, which is on the correct side with his back to the watcher, meet toward the finish of the point in the focal point of the entryway, set somewhat left of focus in the picture.† 2Advertising Looking for article on workmanship and structure? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The line of the curve behind him strengthens th e demonstration of Christ moving his hand toward the visually impaired man. The closer view part between the sniffing hound and the two men chatting in the center separation is differentiated by subsiding lines and left vacant, while the gatherings in the frontal area are packed on either side. The viewers’ consideration is pulled in to both the privilege and the left sides of the sythesis, while lines of viewpoint development made by the clearing cause them to notice the disappearing point. Space and Shape El Greco prevailing in the utilization of profound space in the usage of the floor space, where he utilized the closer view. The closer view figures, which are in a lower level, are intended to make space on the front edge while the gatherings make up the structure. Their essence shows that space stretches out past the frontal area and a few figures in the middle to one side towards the heading the adolescent is pointing. The feeling of room moves past the image and makes a feeling of spatial bounds of stage. The consecutive course of action of hued shapes shows great utilization of room. Shading El Greco utilized glowing hues and made organized compositional settings for the figures. He utilized a rich assortment of hues and colors. Equalization and accentuation The organization has a determined proper parity appeared in the gathering and activities of the figures. Those to one side of Christ are more nimbly than those to one side. The frontal parts of Christ underline the framework of his figure, disentanglement of the crease and surface of his robes.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Paintings by El Greco explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The equal lines of the twisted elbow of the two fundamental figures, distending and retreating, are pictorially adjusted. The air encompassing this spot is quiet making an impression of equalization. The accentuation laid on Christ’s figure propelling right knee is in significant, and his posture is progressively graceful. El Greco applied point of view concentrated on straight and corner to corner lines in the setting. Complexity conversely, there is an eager development encircled by the various structures out of sight engineering. This differentiation guarantees that they are the primary focal point of the piece. Coming up next is the image shaping premise of our conversation: Bibliography Prnjatovic, Mladen. Components of Formal Analysis in Architecture. London: University of New South Wales, 2008. Stokstad, Marilyn. Craftsmanship History. New York: Pearson, 2010.Advertising Searching for paper on workmanship and structure? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Commentaries 1 Stokstad, Marilyn. Craftsmanship History. (New York: Pearson, 2010), 14. 2 Prnjatovic, Mladen. Components of Formal Analysis in Architecture. (London: University of New South Wales, 2008), 34.

Western Humanities

It is no embellishment to state that the Romans have had significant effect on practically completely socialized countries of the world and their way of life is the support of numerous societies of today (Rao, 113). The way wherein the Romans pick their young ladies has a ton to do with the laws administering marriage around then. Before a marriage could be viewed as lawful, the two couples must be developed; for the young lady twelve years and for the kid fourteen, the guardians of the couple must be completely mindful; that is it must be with the assent of the two groups of the lady of the hour and husband to be. During the Augustan age, families were illegal any refusal of marriage without given any substantial explanation regarding why they denied a marriage. Marriage between a nearby connection in like manner ascendant and relative marriage were likewise unlawful. There were two social classes during the early Roman time frame; the aristocrats who were the residents and the plebeians who were the free non-residents. During that time, the aristocrats just wed the aristocrats and the plebeians just the plebeians individually as there was no between conjugal connection between these two social classes. Marriage by the Patricians was viewed as a sacrosanct establishment which is impossible just by only saying it. A few habits of thought must be taken before a marriage could really happen. With the immediate assent of the divine beings, the aristocrat takes his lady of the hour from her father’s house to his own habitation in the organization of an agent of his family. In this type of marriage, the lady of the hour is put under the authority of her significant other and her better half in a manner turns into her lord. The plebeian marriage anyway comprise basically the living together of a man and lady as a couple. Plebeian relationships were not perceived by the aristocrats as they were not viewed as residents and in any event, when the plebeians became residents and their marriage were sanctioned, between marriage between the plebeians and the aristocrats were still not permitted due to the strict contrasts between them. In any case, as years past, their laws were changed and the marriage between the social classes currently got conceivable. The early Romans wedded at a generally early age as a young lady was viewed as prepared for marriage between the ages of fourteen and seventeen. Her dad would pick a spouse and play out the necessary courses of action. Despite the fact that youthful Roman kids were not constrained into marriage, not many youngsters had the option to reject a masterminded marriage (Mellor). Assurance to be wedded before marriage was viewed as a decent structure despite the fact that it had no legitimate commitment connected to it. Prearranged engagement includes a young lady been guaranteed gravely by her family to the man or his family. This procedure in most case is spoken to by the man giving the planned spouse a ring. The ring is worn on the third finger of the left hand which the Romans accepted had an immediate connection with the heart, as they accepted that the finger had an association with the heart by a nerve. It was standard purpose of pride with the Romans for the lady of the hour to bring her man of the hour an endowment which was given by her family on the off chance that she is as yet subject to them or without anyone else. The lady is dressed by her mom on the morning of her big day; one of the most huge pieces of the dressing was the â€Å"knot of Hercules† who was viewed as the gatekeeper of married life (Rome uncovered †Roman Children). The man of the hour is the just one allowed to free the bunch once it is tied and this is done after the spouse has been went with to her new home. After the wedding service, there is typically a supper (gathering) in the place of the lady of the hour after which she is then went with to her husband’s house by her relatives. On going into her new home, the lady of the hour is conveyed into the house in order to forestall any awful sign that may result on the off chance that she unearths her first passageway into the house. Until the main kid is conceived, marriage itself isn't viewed as having been fulfilled. This is on the grounds that the Romans accept that kids are of foremost significance all together for a union with be viewed as ecstatic. Anyway married couples could will in general love each other over the long haul. The Roman ladies appreciate social opportunity as they could go to both open and private meals in the general public. After marriage, the societal position of a Roman lady increments as she is raised to the position of her significant other and is viewed as equivalent with him having a similar strict and common status with him. Her obligation anyway is to administer the home and being the courtesan of the house, she directs the instruction of her kids just as the slaves. During the Augustan age ladies had greater support to shoulder more kids in view of the benefit related with it. The second a lady has three youngsters, she would be discharged structure all management and was allowed to direct business without anyone else (Bierkan, Sherman and Stocquart, 303-327). One could securely say that the Roman lady was tremendous and refined when contrasted with her partners like the Greeks and this was because of the benefits given to her by the general public.

Network and Security Tracer Network Simulator.

Question: Talk about the Network and Security for Tracer Network Simulator. Answer: IDS, IPS, and HIPS IDS are utilized in the system outline in the middle of the customer side and the inward system segments. The IDS is connected with the HUB or Switch appended with a predefined PORT location of the switch. The fundamental capacity of the IDS is to follow the dubious exercises occurring in the system; it recognizes the traffic and information transmission in the system and distinguishes the helplessness of the system towards the assault (Jesin 2014). The IDS can be utilized in the middle of the switch0, switch1, switch2 and switch3, switch4, switch5, switch6 in the left half of the system and in the middle of switch7, switch8, switch9 and switch10, switch11, switch12, switch 13. IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) is the following degree of IDS (Intrusion Detection System) and has the ability of making sure about all the levels, for example, the working framework utilized or the information parcels in the system. It comprises of the strategies that are utilized with the IDS which alert the system executive about any dubious exercises yet the head can make a move contingent upon the kind of assault (Prasad et al. 2016). Since the IPS has all the highlights of IDS it is considered as the following degree of IDS and it tends to be utilized in the spot of IDS for example between the customer and the inside system parts. In the given system chart it can supplant the IDS or it very well may be set alongside the IDS to give better security in the middle of switch0, switch1, switch2 and switch3, switch4, switch5, switch6 in the left half of the system and in the middle of switch7, switch8, switch9 and switch10, switch11, switch12, switch 13. HIPS (Host-based Intrusion Prevention System) is utilized to ensure the servers and workstations of the system. It utilizes the application programming of the framework and designs it recognize the standards utilized for security against any interruption assaults (Lin 2012). The HIPS finds any dubious action happening on the system and checks the principles set for any interruption assault and either square or permits relying upon the guidelines (Santos and Stuppi 2015). Along these lines in the given system chart the HIPS can be put in the middle of the servers and the switch interfacing the servers for example in the middle of the switch0 and server 2 and server3 and server1 and server0 and switch7. This would shield the servers from any interruption assaults. In the given system outline static IP is doled out to all the end gadgets and the servers are arranged as a DHCP server. The customer end switches and different switches in the system are secured with secret phrase cisco, to such an extent that the customer can't arrive at the switch and the other system parts. PC0, PC1, PC2, PC3 can impart between PC10, PC11, PC12, PC13 since they are associated with the router0. PC4, PC5, PC6, PC7 can speak with the PC8, PC9, PC14, PC15 and they are associated with the router1. The LANs are intended to ensure against layer 2 assault, for this sort of insurance the idea of vlan is utilized. References Jesin, A., 2014.Packet Tracer Network Simulator. Packt Publishing Ltd. Lin, T., 2012. The plan and execution of organization arrange security designs. Prasad, N.H., Reddy, B.K., Amarnath, B. what's more, Puthanial, M., 2016. Intervlan Routing and Various Configurations on Vlan in a Network utilizing Cisco Packet Tracer.International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology,2(11), pp.749-758. Santos, O. what's more, Stuppi, J., 2015.CCNA Security 210-260 Official Cert Guide. Cisco Press.

Problems in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Issues in the Workplace - Essay Example Laborers in the 21st century have progressively raised worries on how innovation has changed their assignments just as lifestyle, which might bring down execution. Some have lost their positions in light of automation and utilization of PCs inferring elevated level of joblessness. It has subsequently gotten fundamental for the executives to define arrangements for presenting new innovation that don't bring down specialists self image yet rather imparts resolve and inspiration. In this paper, the issue of negative effect of innovation on laborers will be talked about; issues identified with innovation change in workplace and propose how to build up an instrument to unravel negative effect of innovation, its usage and recommendation on the most proficient method to improve laborers observation on new innovation. Innovation is as of late among the best difficulties that representatives have in light of the fact that they dread losing their positions after presentation of PCs and different gadgets. In spite of the fact that activity has been made simpler and proficient, innovation has brought down laborers assurance particularly those that are persuaded that utilization of PCs, robots and propelled apparatus will in the long run supplant them (Hodgetts and Hegar, 2008). Numerous specialists are in this way not prepared to grasp new innovation; rather, they are opposing administration move to present new innovatively propelled hardware. This has caused work to get incapable since laborers are consistently on go-eases back in grasping new innovation particularly the one that is considered to remove their positions. Opposition has particularly originated from laborers who are not gifted, those that like desk work and they dread that absence of information on the best way to utilize PCs can dispos e of them. Laborers protection from innovation change has held some association behind along these lines not supporting solid rivalry particularly in the 21st century. In any case, laborers contribution in dynamic and usage of techniques to grasp innovation changes has made a decent workplace since

Feminism in M. Butterfly Essay -- David Henry Hwang

Women's liberation in M. Butterfly In the 1989 show M. Butterfly, the masterwork of contemporary American writer David Henry Hwang, the subject of sexual legislative issues underlies every single other topic, and makes a strain between the sexes that overruns all through the content; also, Hwang sabotages customary topical parts of sexual governmental issues by scrutinizing the most central unit of sex by considering the very idea of sex and what characterizes a male or a female. These components join together and build up an entering assessment of woman's rights, and an investigation of the job of females in both Western and Eastern social orders as they identify with guys, and an exposã © of the disparities of sexual orientation which are available, maybe crucial, in the two societies. The back-and-forth for control, both sexual and scholarly, among male and female characters, particularly Rene Gallimard and Song Liling, is omnipresent all through the content, and comes full circle in the last scene where Rene subm its seppuku, or Japanese custom self destruction. In M. Butterfly, Hwang sees woman's rights from an assortment of strange focal points by taking a gander at the two sexual orientations, and serving to cause to notice the attributes and characteristics of both utilizing exchange, character study, and shrewd sensational procedures. Any conversation of women's liberation in M. Butterfly must be sequential, and show the advancement of the characters after some time; this permits the peruser and crowd to stamp the character investigation of the selves over span of the dramatization. In the initial demonstration the peruser is acquainted with a ladylike Song Liling, the character who initially expect the capacity of the female. Hwang familiarizes the peruser with Song moving, and in female attire, in the stage headings of the main demonstration; yet the crowd can figure as ahead of schedule as two page... ...ruitless and inconceivable approach to set up a gainful, working connection among people. From the three gossipers to Gallimard and Marc, from Gallimard and Renee to Gallimard and Song, Hwang reviews woman's rights utilizing another and uncommon perspective all through the play, which he affirms in different ways. Hwang states that just as equivalents can male and female exist together in concordance; uncovering hidden sexism in both the way of life of East and West, Hwang appears there is a lot of opportunity to get better, and that instruction of sexual orientation would be an important thing. M. Butterfly is a solid and inventive show driven by solid and innovative thoughts, yet none are as clear or as strong as the disparities between men (the errant need to control) and ladies (submitting to these controls) and their sources (male uncertainties, dread of weakness), which he uncovers, and eventually, denounces.

Overview of APA 6th Edition

Overview of APA 6th Edition The American Psychological Association was hard at work over the summer publishing… yes, you guessed it, the APA Publication Manual, 6th Edition, which ran its first publication in July, 2010. While the general requirements for formatting is similar and the same in many cases, there are some important changes from the 5th to the 6th editions of this publication manual that fall into one of five categories: Formatting, word usage, statistics, organization, and referencing.FormattingFormatting changes include spacing, headings, and title placement.SpacingThe 6th edition of the APA manual now requires two spaces between sentences. The main rational behind this change is to increase readability. An easy way to make sure you have two spaces between your sentences is to click your paragraph button ( ¶). This is the symbol for paragraph; however in Microsoft Word, it will also show you all the spaces using small dots everywhere you hit the space bar. You can find this button in the paragr aph tool bar of MS Word.HeadingsHeadings with the 6th edition no longer use italics. Using all bold for headings has been used with other formatting styles for years and now APA has adopted this style as well. To review:Level 1 heading is centered and boldLevel 2 is left, justified, and boldLevel 3 is indented, bold, with a periodLevels 4 is indented, bold, italicized, with a periodLevels 5 is indented, italicized, with a periodImportant to note here is that the text under a level 3 heading actually begins after the period (dont forget your 2 spaces). Also, while the Reference and Abstract are technically formatted as a Level 1 heading, they are not bold.Title placementAll article titles are another heading related change, where in the 5th of the APA were required to be vertically and horizontally centered. While the 6th edition still requires article titles to be vertically centered, they must be in the top half of the page.Word usageWord usage is the next category of changes in th e 6th edition of the APA and covers word counts and general usage.Word countRestrictions have always been placed on the number of words in the abstract of a research paper and with the 6th these restrictions are less stringent from a concrete 120 words or fewer in the 5th edition to a range of 150-250 words using the 6th edition.General usageRegarding general word usage begins with the plural form of Appendix that, with the 6th edition the required word is Appendices versus Appendixes that was indicated in the 5th edition of the APA.Additionally, as words like website and e-mail become more commonplace, the APA has also changed the standards from Web site being written as two words in the 5th edition to being written as one word and not capitalized in the 6th edition. Also, not included in the 5th edition, e-mail is written with a hyphen.StatisticsThe way some statistics are reported has also changed, specifically concerning p-values and figures.P-valuesChanges for p-values include using exact values with the 6th edition, where the 5th edition allowed a more general less than or equal to report.FiguresThe change with figure captions is minimal in that figure captions are now placed below the figure rather than on a separate page as was required in the 5th edition.OrganizationThe 6th edition of the APA manual has made two significant changes to the organization of papers: Bullets and order of sections.BulletsBullets are now allowed in order to separate lists or main points of the text. As a rule, if a list indicate an order, such as most important to lest importation, or a list of steps of a processes, numbers should be used. For all other lists simple bullet points should be used.Order of sectionsAdditionally, the 6th edition has moved the tables and figures before the appendices and now requires all footnotes are placed at the bottom of the page in which the footnotes are referenced. Therefore, the full organization, according to the 6th edition should follow :Title pageAbstractBodyReferencesTablesFiguresAppendicesReferencesReferences and in-text citations is the final major category of changes from the 5th edition to the 6th edition of the APA publication manual. Specifically, these concern reference abbreviations, and the various components of the full reference in the reference section.Abbreviation usageAccording to the APA 6th edition the following must now be spelled out when referenced in the text:ChapterEquationFigureChapterWhen referencing the location of quoted material, the abbreviation para., must be used rather than the pilcrow symbol.Reference componentsMany research articles referenced within the text will be found in databases such as EBSCO and ProQuest. While with the 5th edition it was necessary to include the database name in the reference, this is no longer the case with the 6th edition; rather the articles doi will be included.Just when you got all the periods, commas, ampersands, and parentheses, they added the doi o r Digitial Object identifier. While not difficult to find for most sources, these numbers are long, so always double check them. If a doi and publisher information are both available, the reference need only include the doi.Additionally, much of the information retrieved online will not change regularly. As such, retrieval dates for websites need be included only when the information on the website is likely to change on a regular basis.Finally, publishing information for print materials such as books must include both the city and the state of publication. This was changed from needing only the city with the 5th edition.Note corrections from the first printing of the APA 6th edition. References and Abstract headings are not bold. A complete list of these corrections can be found on the American Pyschological Association website: www.apa.org.

A Racial Revolution - Literature Essay Samples

Written during a time in which racial inequality is the norm, and people of color are looked upon as lesser beings, Mark Twain, in his landmark novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, pens a character in Jim who is the epitome of restrained maturity and understated grace. With the constant threat of being discovered and subsequently returned to his owner, Mrs. Watson, Jim maintains his remarkably composed demeanor, and serves as a surrogate father to the wild and uncontainable title character. While Jim does not play the marquee role in novel, he is in fact the most integral character, and may possibly be the only true responsible adult in the entire novel. A testament to Twains forward thinking, Jim functions as an intermediary between the uncultivated Huck and the outside world, while at the same time fighting for his own freedom and the right to live unburdened with his family. Thought of as more than a simple slave, as most blacks were in the time frame of Huck Finn, Jim garner s unusual respect; He was more looked up to than any nigger in that country. Strange niggers would stand with their mouths open and look him all over, same as if he were a wonder (6-7). This esteem is not solely from other slaves, but from Huck and Tom Sawyer as well. It becomes readily apparent that Jim is an intelligent, analytical man, who just happens to be colored. Completed in the late nineteenth century, Twain makes a bold decision when he writes the sympathetic character of Jim, who represents the authors not so subtle protests of the treatment of blacks in the South. Despite the objections of his contemporaries, however, Twain utilizes Jim as the protagonists guide, and in the process, exhibits a clear respect for the capabilities of all races.The clearest sign of respect Twain shows for Jim is in his moral strength, and the ability bequeathed upon him to use said strength in a positive way. On countless occasions, Huck requires Jims help in some manner, whether it be advic e on a complicated issue, or assistance in getting out of trouble. The most obvious occasion for this support is actually a deception; when Huck and Jim encounter a floating house on the Mississippi River, they find a corpse, covered by a piece of fabric. When Jim goes to identify the body, he realizes it is Hucks Pap, and, using his solid common sense, withholds the information from Huck in order to protect his fragile psyche. Instead, Jim frightens Huck with a superstitious tale, telling him, it would fetch bad luck; and besides, he said, he might come and hant us; he said a man that wasnt buried was more likely to go a hanting around than one that was planted and comfortable (58). This instance reconfirms Jims paternal position in the development of Huck, and it is clear that he is a far superior role model than Hucks biological father. In addition, the reader comes to recognize the respect Huck has for Jim, despite the fact that he holds the fate of the runaway slave in his youn g hands.A prominent theme in the novel is the use of superstitions, primarily by Jim, in accordance with long antiquated folklore passed down from generations past. Despite the surprising accuracy and usefulness of these myths, Huck is skeptical, and often times disagrees with Jims directives. Shortly after discovering Hucks father, Jim again warns Huck of potential bad luck, this time in the form of a discarded snakeskin. Instead of heeding his wiser and older friend, Huck places the snakeskin next to Jim as he sleeps, inducing another snake to come over and bite Jim. This is a clear example of Hucks youthful ignorance, mirrored against Jim and his well-earned knowledge. Despite their rolesas white and blackit is clear that the author does not differentiate in terms of intelligence or experience.Despite the revolutionary racial equality demonstrate throughout The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, racism still plays a large role in the overall plot of the novel. In the era in which it s written, Huck Finn is an anomaly of understanding; however, there are definite traces of blatant racism incorporated. When separated in a dense fog late one night, Huck plays a trick on Jim, causing him to think he imagined being lost. When he finally realizes his friends deception, Jim is understandably upset, especially after his warm reception when Huck returned. Vocalizing his displeasure, Jim tells Huck, Dat truck dah is trash; en trash is what people is dat puts dirt on de head er dey frens en makes em ashamed (95). Huck, realizing the mistake he has made, and seeing the hurt he causes his friend, is contrite. However, despite recognizing his error, and feeling bad about it, Huck is still hesitant to apologize, solely because Jim is black, and such and act contradicts the code of the South. Despite the unconventional situation Huck finds himself in, Huck eventually relents and apologizes; It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigge rbut I done it, and I warnt ever sorry for it afterwards, neither (95). This break in traditional, while minor in some respect, can be seen as a significant action in terms of race relations and the treatment of blacks in the South during this time.Further burdened with the constraints of conventional societal tropes, Huck faces a moral crisis: Should he assist Jim in running away from his rightful owner, Mrs. Watson, or should he turn his friend in to the authorities, as his upbringing would dictate? Huck ruminates to himself, What had poor Miss Watson done to you, that you could see her nigger go off right under your eyes and never say one single word? What did that poor old woman do to you, that you could treat her so mean (97)? However, despite his programmed racism, Huck relents, and realizing the value of his friendship with Jim, and the unfair nature of slavery, does not turn his friend over to the white establishment. It is this mutually valuable friendship that truly conver ts Huck, and he is ultimately swayed when Jim says, Jim wont ever forgit you, Huck; yous de bes fren Jims ever had; en yous de only fren le Jims got now (98). Huck, even at his young age, can see the special nature of their bond, and realizes more so than the majority of adults at the timethat the color of ones skin is unimportant in the grand scheme of things.Mark Twain, with his transcendent novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, takes a large, if not calculated risk, with the character of Jim, a runaway slave searching for literal and figurative freedom with a young Southern boy named Huck. These two, as unlikely a pair as you will encounter in literature, form an unbreakable bond that supercedes mere friendship and borders on a familial union. Jim, while not traditionally educated, is portrayed as intelligent and caring, two traits not commonly associated with blacks in the late eighteen hundreds. This intelligence is too hard to ignore, and while not the main character in th e novel, Jim steals the show, putting Twains slavery protest on center stage. Because of his insistence on equality and the portrayal of a black slave as more than a piece of meat, to be bought and sold, Twain has influenced writers for the past hundred years.

The Arab Israeli Conflict Of Palestine Essay - 1198 Words

The Arab-Israeli conflict began in 1948, when the British Mandate over Palestine ended. Resulting in the proclamation that established the Jewish state in Eretz Israel. The conflict was a struggle between the Jewish state or Israel and the Arabs of the Middle East concerning the territory and control over Palestine. The geographical area and political status of Palestine has changed dramatically over the years, but the region as always been considered Holy Land. This Holy Land is sacred among the Jews, Christians, and Muslims. During the twentieth century, Palestine has been the object of conflicting claims and beliefs of both Arab and Jewish national movements. Resulting in violence, and open warfare opposing Israel’s existence. The Arab nations initiated four wars against Israel since the beginning of the conflict. These wars were both complex and focused on the political, strategic, and economic interests. These wars include the War of Independence in 1948, the Sinai War i n 1956, the Six Day War in 1967, and the Yom Kippur War in 1973. As Israel fought against the Arab nations, they succeeded in each time. The conflicts between Arab and Israeli are in relation to the political tensions, military conflicts, and the many disputes between Arab countries and Israel, such as land and existence. An overview of history for the Arab-Israeli conflict, the War of Independence in 1948 began immediately upon the British withdrawal. Many researchers and historians divide the warShow MoreRelatedThe Arab Israeli Conflict : The Palestine1533 Words   |  7 PagesThe Arab-Israeli Conflict has roots from centuries ago. Zionists sought to reestablish the Land of Israel in the area of Palestine The conflict is a result of the Zionist movement, declaration of the Israeli state, and the invasion of Arab nations into Israel. 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Yet thei r safety, and now the safety of Palestinian Arabs, are both unsureRead MoreThe Israeli Palestine Conflict And Conflict1430 Words   |  6 PagesMap 3 Israeli-Palestine Conflict 4 Location 4 Summary of events 4 Parties concerned 4 Potential solutions 4 Ukraine Crisis 5 Location 5 Summary of events 5 Parties concerned 5 Potential solutions 5 Conflict in the South China Sea 6 Location 6 Summary of events 6 Parties concerned 6 Potential solutions 6 Rankings 7 Bibliography 8  World Map http://www.worldmapsonline.com/images/murals/miller_world_physical_wall_mural_lg.jpg Israeli-Palestine Conflict The Israeli-Palestine conflictRead MoreIslamic and Middle East World Conflicts1048 Words   |  4 Pagescurrent conflict in the Middle East and Islamic world stands as the biggest constraint to peace in the region? Discuss with reference to at least two conflicts. Historically, there have been many problems in the Middle East due to foreign occupation. Middle East has always been hot and it is still hot. However, there seems to be no end to the fire. There have been a lot of peace talk in the region, but the conflicts still is still unresolved. In this paper, I will discuss the top three conflicts inRead MoreThe Arab Israeli War ( 1948-49 ) A Political Conflict?1719 Words   |  7 PagesPreliminary Modern History Mr. Powell Historical Investigation â€Å"To what extent was the First Arab-Israeli War (1948-49) a political conflict?† WORD COUNT: 1388 In order to assess to what extent the First Arab-Israeli war was a political conflict, a working definition of ‘political conflict’ is needed. In this essay, the phrase ‘political conflict ’ refers to conflict motivated or influenced by a nation’s government or by the power, interests and security of a state.Read MoreHow The Two State Solution Can Solve The Arab / Israeli Conflict825 Words   |  4 Pages4, History December 1st, 2015 How the Two-State Solution Can Solve the Arab/Israeli Conflict Over the years, people have argued about different solutions for the Arab/Israeli conflict. The Arab-Israeli conflict is an ongoing incongruity between Israelis and the Palestinians. Since 1948, the state of Israel is in the center of the dispute between the Palestinians and Israelis over who should own the land. The Jews (Israelis) claim that the land is theirs based on the promise to Abraham and his descendantsRead MoreThe Yom Kippur War1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe Yom Kippur War also demonstrated that the Arabs could also hurt Israel’s Western allies too (Ross, 1996, p. 47). Arabs states put an embargo on oil to the United States and Western Europe (Ross, 1996, p.47). There was a new weapon that could be used to draw the attention of the superpowers to the conflict. Oil had a devastating effect when its prices were doubled and its production was cut into half causing world-wide economic and political problems (Ross, 1996, p. 67). The United States began

The Military Sexual-Assault Problem - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 552 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Sexual Assault In The Military Essay Did you like this example? Sexual assault has been an issue throughout the Army for a long time. It seems that with every passing year the number of sexual assaults increase within the organization, causing further concern for the morale and the safety of the troops. Regardless of the zero-tolerance policy and the multitude of trainings and briefs given on the topic, the number of sexual assaults in the Army continues to rise. It is likely that this perceived escalation in numbers is not due to an actual increase in sexual assault, but due to the victims feeling more secure in reporting what happened. Sexual assault occurs mainly due to an imbalance of power. The assaulter normally has financial, physical, or authoritative power over the other individual. This causes the assaulter to feel empowered and untouchable, allowing them to act in any way that would benefit themselves. â€Å"In the military, the level of coercion that can be facilitated through the use of rank and authority can be just as serious as the threat or use of physical force†1. Unfortunately, power imbalance within the military is not something that we can fix without the obliteration of the rank structure, which is never going to happen nor should it happen. This leads us to a different tactic to mitigate the number of sexual assaults as best we can; through education. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Military Sexual-Assault Problem" essay for you Create order The current training does reduce the risk of sexual assault and harassment occurring in the Army. Despite the antagonistic sighs that occur when mentioning a SHARP brief, the training does make a difference. Then why the increase in sexual assaults? â€Å"The report for fiscal 2017 says the department received 6,769 reports of sexual assault involving service members as either victims or subjects of criminal investigation, a 9.7 percent increase over the 6,172 reports made in fiscal 2016†2. The likely reason behind the increase in reported sexual assaults in the recent years is due to the changes in the SHARP program. People feel safer in coming forward when something happens, causing a perceived fluctuation in the numbers. The safety and security given to victims of sexual assault in the Army makes them feel more in control of what happens. After sexual assault, the victim generally feels powerless and incapable. Without proper guidance and outlets for them, they may sink into a depression, their work will falter, and they may not report the assault due to feelings of insecurity in the system. In response to these feelings of unease, the Army has put a good system in place to give back power to the victims and make them feel comfortable reporting the incidences. Having both the formal and informal channels available gives back control of their privacy and furthermore give us an accurate count of how much of a problem sexual assault really is within our ranks. The numbers may be going up regarding sexual assault, but it is likely due to the victims feeling more empowered and able to report. It is highly unlikely that sexual violence in the military will be fully eradicated. However, there are ways to help decrease the prevalence of this particular plague: education and giving the victims their sense of security back so they can build their strength back up in order to report the incidence. References 1: https://watermark.silverchair.com/milmed 2: https://dod.defense.gov/News/Article/Article/1508127/dod-releases-annual-report-on-sexual-assault-in-military/

Public Limited Companies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1190 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? Finance Introduction For the purpose of this research, two PLCs have been chosen, one from the UK and the other from China, together with two countries, one a developed and the other an emerging country. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Public Limited Companies" essay for you Create order Chosen Public Limited Companies Umeco PLC. Umeco, based in Leamington Spa in Warwickshire, UK is involved in the aerospace and defence industries and has an international client base. The main tasks of the business are the provision of innovative methods for distribution, supply chain management, as well as repair and overhaul services. It is also involved with advanced composite materials, which are used within the same industries and have been extended to include wind energy, motor sport and other allied automotive and technological areas (Umeco website 2007). The company employs over 1,400 people in international locations throughout the world, including the UK, North America, and Europe. In addition, during the course of 2006 the business has sought to extend its presence in the Far East. To this end, it has established an agreement with an organisation in China for the formation of a new commercial business, which will assist in the servicing of its customers in that region. It can also be seen from th e Chairmans statement in the Annual Report (2006), that the company has engaged in a number of acquisitions throughout all areas of the business over the past twelve months. Figure 1 Umeco Results summary Source: Annual Report 2006, page 91 The five-year summary (see figure 1) shows that since 2004 the business has achieved a steady growth pattern in revenue, profits, and earnings per share, all of which show a year on year increase during that period. During the same five years the share price of the business has also risen from approximately 250 to 550, making it an attractive investment, particularly for the institutional investors, the top ten of whom own around 57% of the issued shares (see annual report, page 23). In order to fund the corporations 2006 acquisition programme, including that of Provest and Aeromedic Innovations, and to provide it with growth capital, a rights issue was launched in 2005, to which the business received 98.6% valid acceptances (see chairmans statement 2006). It is anticipated that this will provide for continued growth and added value in the future. China Unicom In 1994, the Chinese government set up the China United Telecommunications Corporation as a state owned enterprise within the telecommunications industry, serving citizens of the Peoples Republic of China. Although it started as a wireless paging and mobile operating service, it has expanded its interests to include a wide range of telecommunications services. In 2000, following the expansion of Chinas desire to attract international investment, the corporation set up a commercial public trading business named China Unicom. However, the Chinese based organisation from which it was founded still owned approaching 60% of the business (Annual report 2005, page 2), which has since grown to over 69%, with just below 20% held in Shanghai and the balance in the Hong Kong and NYSE markets. Figure 2 China Unicom financial performance 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Total Assets 453.7 1128.3 1279 1492.2 1498.4 1456.3 1426.3 Total Borrowings 201.3 356.5 442.7 530.2 543.9 461.5 345.8 Total Liabilities 343 547.2 653.9 824.1 802.2 728.2 663.4 Shareholders equity 85.4 572.2 616.8 662.5 696.2 728.1 762.9 EBITDA Margin 37.3% 46.2% 46% 45.8% 36.8% 34.1% 32.7% Profit Margin 4.8% 13.7% 15.2% 11.3% 6.2% 5.5% 5.7% Revenue 174.5 236.9 293.9 405.8 676.4 793.3 870.5 EBITDA 65.1 109.6 135.3 185.8 249.0 270.2 284.4 Profit 8.4 32.3 44.6 45.7 42.2 43.9 49.3 Cellular Subscribes (ten thousands) 415.4 1277.2 2703.3 4311.4 8083.3 11208.1 12779.4 Source: https://www.chinaunicom.com.hk/en/investor/highlights.html One of the problems that this distribution of shareholding creates is that, effectively, the corporation has to serve two masters, the state and the shareholder, which has led to its less than inspiring results over the past five years, as can be evidenced in figure 2. The financial results show that, despite the fact that revenue and subscriber levels have continued to grow significantly since 2001, the profit level in percentage terms has fallen, although this appears to have stabilised in 2005. The business has experienced difficulties throughout it trading life, particularly as a result of the government intervention in its activities in respect of the GSM products. As a result, it has sought to sell this area of the business back to the parent company in exchange for the acquisition of mobile licences throughout China (JP Morgan 2005). In April 2005, the company made an offer of 2.3 shares per ten trad able held, providing the major shareholder, China Unicom Group Co Ltd, was given the go ahead to floats its own majority shareholding. Chosen countries The UK, with a current population of around 60 million, has a high level of private ownership within its corporate and trading markets. With a GDP of over $2.3 trillion (World Factbook 2007), it is one of the leading economies of Europe. It is also one of the most popular countries for international corporate domicile (Monks 2000. p18). The London stock market is one of the worlds oldest, being able to trace its roots back over three hundred years, although the current form of the Stock Exchange was not opened until 1801. Since then, it has become one of the most important exchanges in the world. Unlike China, the UK financial markets and business corporations work on a shareholder system, with very little interference from the state in terms of control of operations, apart from their corporate governance procedures. As such, it allows a high level of inward and outward foreign investment. Until the later part of the 1990s, industry in China, being a communist country, was state owned. However, in 1997 the ruling party announced plans to sell off large stakes in many of these corporations to the public (Seth Faison 1997). Over the following few years, the country underwent a significant economic change in terms of its approach to capital markets, allowing investment and fund managers to operate within the country and access to their corporations, although initially through joint ventures. An increasing number of Chinese domiciled businesses also sought listings on the Hong Kong and New York stock exchanges as a way of attracting foreign capital for domestic and international growth. Over the same period, there has significant increase in the growth of foreign businesses operating within China, with such names as KFC, Adidas and MacDonalds amongst them. By 2006 China, with a population of over 1.3 billion, had become the worlds second largest economy behind the US, with a GDP in excess of $2.5 trillion and an annual growth rate of 10.5% (World Factboo k 2007). Despite initial fears regarding the level of state involvement in what is attempting to become a capitalist-based financial market, China has so far succeeding in combining the dichotomy for the moment. References JP Morgan (2005). China Market Strategy. Asia Pacific Equity Research. Retrieved 2 March 2007 from https://www.bolaninfo.com:8080/CMS/UserFiles/Pdf/JPM%20China%20Market%20Strategy20051106.pdf Faison, Seth (1997). In Major Shift, China Will Sell State Industries. New York Times, New York, US. World Factbook (2007). Peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Republic of China. CIA. US. Retrieved 2 March 2007 from https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/print/ch.html Our History (2007). London Stock Exchange. London, UK. Retrieved 2 March 2007 from https://www.londonstockexchange.com/en-gb/about/cooverview/history.htm Monks, Robert A.G (2000). Modern Company Law for a Competitive Economy: the strategic environment. Corporate Governance vol 8, No.1. UK Um eco PLC (2007). Company website. Retrieved 2 march 2007 from https://www.umeco.com/default.asp Life Style Extra (2007). Umeco Share Price Retrieved 2 march 2007 from https://www.lse.co.uk/ShareChart.asp?sharechart=UMCshare=UMECO_PLC_ORD_25P World Factbook (2007). United Kingdom. CIA. US. Retrieved 2 March 2007 from https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/print/ch.html

The Broken Heart a Poem by John Donne Essay - 754 Words

Being a human being comes with several feelings and experiences that shape who we are, some favourable and beneficial some shattering and distressing, one of the most common is that of love, Love is the single most celebrated human emotion, though nevertheless love can end in heartbreak. A broken heart can be considered a painful empty feeling or the writhing of the soul. The Urban Dictionary defines a broken heart as ‘the feeling of complete devastation, and extreme sadness after a break-up of a relationship or loss of a spouse/relative.’ Throughout history, a vast body of literature examines its influences and explores its meanings. Typically, poets and authors examine loves countless virtues. Numerous poets have commented on the nature†¦show more content†¦John Donne was born into a catholic family in 1572, during a strong anti-Catholic period. Throughout Donne’s life he wrote poems renouncing his anti-Catholic faith. In 1615 he converted to Anglicanis m and was appointed Royal Chaplin. His elaborate metaphors, religious symbolism and flair for drama soon established him as a thriving preacher. In 1617 Donne’s wife Anne Moore died shortly after giving birth to their twelfth child. It is believed that Donne was completely and utterly heartbroken by the passing of his wife, this enlightens the motive behind the broken heart. STRUCTURE The Broken heart is a type of writing style known as a sonnet. A sonnet has come to be known generally as a poem containing fourteen lines of iambic pentameter (Sonnet Writers, 2011.) The Broken Heart has four paragraphs (octets) following an ababccdd rhyme scheme. Although the key image in the poem is a heart broken into a hundred pieces, the poem has a well-ordered pattern, and instance of Donne’s common usage of contradiction. TONE It can be said that a melancholy tone is set just through the title of the poem, â€Å"The Broken Heart.† Throughout the entirety of this poem, the gloomy tone continues. Donne begins the poem with negative words such as decaying, devouring, and plague to describe the effects of love. These words sufficiently create unpleasant images of mold taking over food, a lion attacking its prey, and a disease killing a village. Not specifically how one would imagineShow MoreRelatedEssay about Imagery In John Donnes The Bro572 Words   |  3 Pages Imagery in amp;#8220;The Broken Heart; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;John Donnesamp;#8217; poem amp;#8220;The Broken Heart; is full of imagery, used to portray his broken heart. Donne uses the imagery so we can get a visual picture of what love means to him. He uses the imagery because itamp;#8217;s necessary to see a picture of the pain he lives with. Donne uses several aspects of imagery, including death to show his grief and Donne also does uses despair to display his pain. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Broken Heart By John Donne1001 Words   |  5 Pages17 November 2015 Imagery in â€Å"The Broken Heart† by John Donne Perhaps the most beautiful thing about humans is that emotions and thought seem to go hand in hand. One either distances or comforts the other. When together, these two things can create a mirror into human nature, or shatter what people see in themselves for another. The stability of the heart is something precarious and not fully understood, but it is through works as â€Å"The Broken Heart† by John Donne that we can see this stability; understandingRead MoreMetaphysical Poetry1246 Words   |  5 Pagesmetaphysical poets, such as John Donne, that have proven to be very effective. In Donne’s â€Å"Holy Sonnet 14,† often referred to as â€Å"Batter My Heart,† there is a plethora of evidence of the work’s overall effectiveness as a poem in the poet’s use of poetic devices. The poem is written in first person and the speaker is someone who is struggling with sin and is desperately seeking the guidance of God, who is intended to be the recip ient of the speaker’s message. â€Å"Batter My Heart† is a fixed form sonnetRead Moreholy Sonnet 101470 Words   |  6 PagesDONNE S HOLY SONNET XIV Batter my heart, three person d God; for, you As yet but knocke, breathe, shine, and seeke to mend; That I may rise, and stand, o erthrow me, and bend Your force, to breake, blowe, burn and make me new. I, like an usurpt towne, t another due, Labor to admit you, but Oh, to no end, Reason your viceroy in me, me should defend, But is captiv d, and proves weake or untrue, Yet dearely I love you, and would be lov d faine, But am betroth d unto your enemyRead More Donnes Holy Sonnet XIV - Batter my heart, three persond God1536 Words   |  7 PagesDonnes Holy Sonnet XIV - Batter my heart, three persond God Batter my heart, three persond God; for, you As yet but knocke, breathe, shine, and seeke to mend; That I may rise, and stand, oerthrow me, and bend Your force, to breake, blowe, burn and make me new. I, like an usurpt towne, tanother due, Labor to admit you, but Oh, to no end, Reason your viceroy in me, me should defend, But is captivd, and proves weake or untrue, Yet dearelyI love you, and would beRead MoreEssay on John Donnes Sonnet 141380 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Donnes poetry reflects many things about him as a poet. Mainly, that his poetry reflects his character make-up as he writes the poem. In the later years of his life, he entered into a religious stage that he continued with until his death in 1631. Sonnet 14 is an example of his religious period, where he is besieged and asks God to come into his life in a very real way. His use of parallelism, powerful diction and syntax, and paradox presents thoughts on this subject in an umatched wayRead More John Donnes A Valediction of my Name, In the Window Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Donnes A Valediction of my Name, In the Window      Ã‚  Ã‚   My name engraved herein/Doth contribute its firmness to this glass (1-2). It is a small but exquisitely considered act - a man carefully etches his name into a window, hoping to preserve his identity for future generations. Immediately, sensory details flow into my mind at the thought of such a momentous event. The precise scratch of the tool, the small flakes of glass that chip away, the beams of sunlight backlighting my ownRead MoreBatter My Heart By John Donne1418 Words   |  6 Pages I picked this poem because I really like it and I find the imagery intriguing, but I knew I was not understanding all of what Donne was saying in the poem. I could tell that if I understood these particular lines, the meaning of the poem would be richer and more meaningful. I have achieved my goal, and think I have a better grasp on what Donne was getting at than I did before. â€Å"Batter my heart† is one of Donne’s religious sonnets with 14 lines. His rhyme scheme is ABBA ABBA CDCD EE, which isRead MoreAnalysis Of John Donne s The Stuart Period 1259 Words   |  6 PagesKhalie Shields The Stuart Period Tracy Sedinger 09/12/14 Unacceptably Acceptable John Donne was an exceptional English poet of the early seventeen hundreds. He seemed to be a man of mostly sonnets and erotic literature. Most of his work is made up of poetry filled with religion, love and of course sexual activity. Donne was very different compared to his contemporaries and colleagues. He was known for a lot of dynamic language that was bold and vibrant, and was extremely creative with his metaphorsRead MoreAnalysis Of John Donne s Holy Sonnet Xiv1976 Words   |  8 Pages In Holy Sonnet XIV, John Donne directly addresses God using a desperate and forceful tone. The formal structure of Donne s holy sonnet follows the basic Petrarchan sonnet form. The sonnet has fourteen lines divided into an octave and a sestet. The rhyme scheme of the octave is abba abba. The sestet has the rhyme scheme cdcdee. Donne expresses his spiritual turmoil and longing by using this structure to present different metaphors that illustrate his condition, and he uses Petrarchan conventi ons

Iron Crowned Chapter 22 Free Essays

No one had to tell me the ways in which that exponentially complicated things. Jasmine’s gasp confirmed my many realizations. â€Å"Two placentas,† said Veronica, pausing and typing something one-handed while still keeping hold of the paddle. We will write a custom essay sample on Iron Crowned Chapter 22 or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"What †¦ what’s that mean?† I asked. â€Å"It means they could be identical or fraternal,† said Dr. Sartori. â€Å"One placenta would be identical for sure.† I swallowed. The noise, that wavelike sound †¦ It was drowning me. My heartbeat, another heartbeat, and another still †¦ How was it possible? How could there be so much life in one body? â€Å"Can you still do the test?† I stammered out. Dr. Sartori was holding the needle but made no moves as his eyes flicked back to the monitor. â€Å"I can †¦ but it’s not recommended in this situation. With twins, the risks are increased.† â€Å"I don’t care,† I said firmly. â€Å"I still want it. I have to know. With my family history †¦Ã¢â‚¬  I prayed he wouldn’t demand too many details beyond what Dr. Moore had sent over. He and Veronica discussed a few things, using medical language I couldn’t follow. She used the paddle to check every angle, taking measurements on her computer as he occasionally pointed details out. Finally, after another warning against the procedure, he agreed to do it. It hurt as much as you’d expect from a giant needle being stuck into you. His hands were superhumanly steady, as his eyes held firm to the monitor so he could watch the needle’s progress. I still couldn’t make out much in the images but knew the challenge was to get to the placenta without touching a fetus. Placentas, in this case. They had to get another test kit, using another needle in order to sample from both babies. Babies. I still couldn’t believe it. They helped me when they finished the test, loading Jasmine and me up with post-care instructions to reduce both self-injury and the risk of miscarriage. Does it matter? I thought bleakly. A miscarriage would take the decision away from me. It’d be out of my hands. For now, one tiny problem did present itself: getting home. I was sore and didn’t feel like driving. In fact, I’d been advised not to. Jasmine helpfully offered to. â€Å"I know for a fact you don’t have a license,† I told her. I was leaning against my car, baking in welcome sunshine. â€Å"No, but I can drive. Come on, it’s not that far. And you certainly can’t. What do you want to do? Call Tim and let him know what’s going on?† she challenged. I wanted my mom, I realized. I wanted my mom to come and drive me home – to her home. I wanted her to take care of me and talk to me like she used to. I wanted her to fix all this. I blinked rapidly and turned my head, not wanting Jasmine to see me tear up. â€Å"Fine.† I held out the keys. â€Å"If we get pulled over, the ticket’s coming out of your allowance.† To her credit, she drove responsibly, and she was right – it wasn’t far. I tilted my seat back slightly, wanting to sleep for the next few days or however long it would take to get back my results. I didn’t want to endure the waiting. I couldn’t endure the waiting. The car’s silence and rhythm nearly took me under until Jasmine spoke. â€Å"So,† she said matter-of-factly. â€Å"If they’re boys, you get an abortion. If they’re girls †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Then I don’t.† I hadn’t realized I’d made my decision until that moment. When I’d heard those heartbeats †¦ well, it didn’t matter if motherhood and drastic body changes scared the hell out of me. If I had two daughters, daughters unconnected to any prophecy, I would have them. I’d figure parenting out. â€Å"If they’re girls, I’ll keep them.† She nodded and said nothing more until we were turning down my street. Honestly, I was surprised she waited that long because I’d already known what else she was dying to ask. â€Å"Eugenie?† â€Å"Yes, Jasmine?† â€Å"What are you going to do if one’s a boy and one’s a girl?† I stared ahead at my house. I suddenly didn’t want to sleep just for the next few days. I wanted to sleep for the next nine months. Or seven months. Or whatever. I didn’t answer her question. â€Å"I can’t have a son,† I said at last. â€Å"You know that. That’s all there is to it.† How to cite Iron Crowned Chapter 22, Essay examples

Macbeth Banquet Scene free essay sample

In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the banquet scene’s purpose is to show the chaos and inner turmoil within Macbeth as the guilt from his past crimes tears away at his conscience. In essence, the weight of carrying all the guilt and remorse takes a toll on his mental state. This banquet scene is dedicated in showing three themes that are constantly depicted throughout the play. These three themes consist of disorder, justice, and sleep; they all make evident the fact that Macbeth’s character has changed from the previous scenes. The theme of disorder and chaos in a world of balance rings throughout the banquet scene. The irony behind the scene is that the world of the play takes place in an orderly fashion. Despite what is happening within the mind of Macbeth, the scene begins with a perfectly set and balanced table. The guests are seated in an arrangement, so that â€Å"Both sides are even† (III. We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth Banquet Scene or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page iv. l. 11). Macbeth, however, still suffers from the guilt and remorse after killing his own best friend. When he finds out that the deed is still not done, he proclaims, â€Å"Then comes my fit again† (III. iv. l. 23). This foreshadows the fact that he will have an actual fit at the banquet in terms of showing his insanity to his guests. As Macbeth’s mind creates the image of Banquo’s ghost, his behavior becomes erratic. Even his royal guests say, â€Å"His Highness is not well† (III. iv. l. 63). Lady Macbeth tries to conceal his bizarre nature by claiming â€Å"The fit is momentary† (III. iv. l. 66). However, as the scene continues, Lady Macbeth notices that Macbeth will not recover because â€Å"He grows worse and worse† (III. iv. l. 144). â€Å"Macbeth does murder sleep† (II. ii. l. 48). This is especially made evident because Macbeth’s mind does not rest at all. His mind constantly jumps from thought to thought. In the previous scene, He continuously proclaims, â€Å"Sleep no more! Macbeth shall sleep no more† (II. ii. l. 57). According to Macbeth, sleep is the â€Å"chief nurturer† in life, as it helps rid your mind of the constant frustrations of everyday life. It not only is necessary in life, but it is also what makes life worth living. Macbeth feels that when he killed the King in his sleep, he murdered sleep along with him. In essence, Macbeth will now forever lack sleep just as Lady Macbeth sees that he lacks the cure for all nature, which is sleep (III. iv. l. 173). Macbeth has underlying theme of justice as the play evolves. Macbeth believes in the idea that â€Å"blood will have blood† (III. iv. l. 153). To put it differently, Macbeth feels that sin will always have its retribution. If you commit an evil deed, then evil will be done unto you. Macbeth’s sense of justice is often impaired by his own ambition. In previous scenes, Macbeth has insight that â€Å"This even-handed justice commends th’ ingredience of our poisoned chalice to our own lips† (I. vii. l. 10-13). However, despite knowing this, he still willingly goes along with the murder. In time, he finds that his own sense of justice is strangling his conscience. Macbeth proclaims, â€Å"I am in blood, stepped so far that, should I wade no more, returning were as tedious as go o’er† (III. iv. . 167-170). At this point, there is no turning back for Macbeth, and he realizes the error of his ways. By the end of the banquet scene, you can notice that Macbeth has become remarkably different in his thought process. In his soliloquy in Act I: Scene VII, Macbeth is reasonable and has insight to his cu rrent situation. Although he does not listen to his own reasoning, it is still evident that he has â€Å"no spur to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition, which o’erleaps itself and falls on th’ other† (I. vii. l. 25-28). Compared to then last lines in the banquet scene, Macbeth has become much more power hungry and paranoid. He knows he must go see the witches, so that he may try to control his impending disastrous fate (III. iv. l. 165-167). He even admits to knowing that he must kill more just, so that he will be safe (III. iv. l. 176). After Macbeth has committed the murders, his conscience changes, and thus, he changes. The true irony behind this scene is that he yells at the image of Banquo saying, â€Å"Hence, horrible shadow! Unreal mock’ry, hence! † In actuality, Macbeth is only yelling at the horrible shadow of the mockery of the once great hero he used to be. Macbeth

Steam Methane Reforming free essay sample

Hydrogen is an important chemical in petroleum refining and is manufactured most commonly in the United States by steam methane reforming. | Hydrogen as an industrial chemical is used in petroleum refining and in the synthesis of ammonia and methanol. The two largest industries consuming hydrogen in the United States are petroleum refining and the synthesis of ammonia. The hydrogen needed for refinery operations is produced through either manufacturing or by-product recovery. The largest portion (77%) of industrial hydrogen produced in the United States is manufactured by steam reforming of natural gas. Hydrogen is also produced by steam reforming of naphtha, partial oxidation of oil, coal gasification, and water electrolysis, but these processes together produce a relatively small amount compared to steam reforming of methane. This is, in part, due to steam reforming having the highest thermal efficiency and lowest net production cost of the available processes for producing hydrogen. Steam reforming involves converting light hydrocarbon feeds into synthesis gas by a reaction with steam over a catalyst in a reformer furnace. We will write a custom essay sample on Steam Methane Reforming or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Before entering the steam reformer, the hydrocarbon feeds must be desulfurized by processes tailored to the amount of sulfur to be removed. The mixture of gas and process steam is then introduced into the primary reformer with a nickel–based catalyst where a reversible reaction takes place. The water gas shift reaction step then converts the resulting CO to CO2 and hydrogen. After cooling, the CO2 is scrubbed out of the process and remaining carbon oxides are converted to methane through the use of a methanation catalyst. This produces a typical product of 98. 2% hydrogen. If a higher purity hydrogen is desired, the shifted gas can be purified by pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) instead of CO2 scrubbing and methanation and will result in a purity greater than 99% pure hydrogen. There are environmental concerns related to these processes, and much attention is given to minimizing the environmental impact of hydrogen manufacturing. Attention must be also be paid to the health and safety factors of hydrogen production, and regulations followed for each. The first step in the steam methane reforming process is feed preparation. The light hydrocarbon feeds used range from natural gas to straight run naphthas, all of which contain sulfur that must be removed before they enter the steam reformer. If the hydrocarbon feed contains small amounts of sulfur, the first desulfurization step consists of converting organic sulfur compounds to H2S by passing the feed at about 300-400Â °C over a Co-Mo catalyst in the presence of 2-5% H2. The next step reduces the sulfur level to less than 0. 1 ppmwt by adsorption of H2S over ZnO catalyst. If the feed contains several hundred ppm sulfur or higher, bulk removal of H2S uses solvents such as monoethanolamine prior to the ZnO desulfurization step. The effluent from the Co-Mo reactor must be cooled for bulk removal and reheated for the ZnO purification in this case. Once the feeds have been desulfurized the resulting gas and process steam mixture moves on the reaction section of the process. The reaction of the hydrocarbon feeds and steam over a nickel-based catalyst to produce synthesis gas takes place in a primary reformer furnace. The primary reformer furnace is a direct-fired chamber containing high nickel-alloy tubes arranged in single or multiple rows. The tube alloys are selected according to operating pressure and temperature specifications. The reaction process of hydrogen production is usually operated at 800-870Â °C and 300-400psig. The catalyst is made up of 5-25% nickel as NiO and usually contains potassium to inhibit coke formation from the use of feedstocks such as LPG and naphtha. The NiO is supported on calcium aluminate, alumina, magnesium aluminate, or calcium aluminate titanate. Temperature of the outlet gas is between 800 and 870Â °C and outlet pressures are usually between 300 and 350 psig. The outlet gas composition correlates a 0Â °C to 25Â °C temperature approach to steam-reforming equilibrium. Temperatures of the flue gases exiting the convection section of the furnace reach 980-1040Â °C. Greater efficiency is achieved by reclaiming this heat and using it to heat other process such as the hydrocarbon feed before sulfur removal, the feed mixture entering the radiant section of the furnace, the combustion air for the radiant section burners, and for heating or superheating steam. The primary reformer can achieve up to a 95% conversion of CH4, and this step results in a hydrogen concentration of about 76. 7%. After exiting the primary reformer, the gases enter the shift conversion section for the gas shift reaction step which will convert the CO into CO2 and hydrogen. The reaction begins in the high temperature shift (HTS) reactor at about 370Â ° at the inlet on a chromium-promoted iron oxide catalyst. The gasses are converted and exit the HTS to be cooled to 200-215Â °C before being sent to the low temperature shift (LTS) converter to complete the water gas shift reaction over a copper-zinc oxide catalyst supported on alumina. This step is completed at as low a temperature as possible in order to operate at the most favorable equilibrium constants. The gas is then cooled and the heat recovered for other use. The gas shift reaction step produces gas with a H2 concentration of about 77%. The last steps for low purity hydrogen include the CO2 scrubber and methanation. The CO2 is scrubbed out by hot potassium carbonate or one of several other processes. The gases are then reheated to 315Â °C and passed over a methanation catalyst of nickel on silica to convert the remaining carbon dioxides to methane. CO and CO2 are hydrogenated to CH4 on this catalyst before the outlet gasses are cooled and any entrained water is separated. The result is a hydrogen product with a concentration of about 98. 2% H2. When high purity hydrogen is needed the shifted gas can be purified by pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) instead of the CO2 scrubbing and methanation. Pressure-swing adsorption purification separates the hydrogen gas from the other, larger, molecules by selective adsorption through the use of a molecular sieve. Because hydrogen has a very weak affinity for adsorption, the PSA process produces very pure hydrogen and, with increased adsorption stages, at recoveries up to 90%. This process operates at room temperature in a pressurization-depressurization cycle. The desorption process is endothermic and the adsorption process is exothermic. The adsorption bed is then depressurized and purged with pure hydrogen to accomplish regeneration. The PSA system concentrates to 99% H2 and offers safer, more reliable hydrogen production with efficient heat recovery and reduced production costs in exchange for increased feed requirements and a larger reformer furnace. Large scale production of hydrogen does have environmental impacts. The generation of synthesis gas is the primary area requiring environmental controls. Different processes require different controls, with the methane steam reforming process being the most environmentally friendly. Environmental concerns regarding hydrogen manufacturing can be minimized by using natural gas reforming and recovering hydrogen as a by-product. Concerns for coal feedstocks stem from potential particulate emissions and require careful handling of condensate streams, ash, and slag. Concerns over partial oxidation of heavy liquid hydrocarbons are eased by scrubbing the soot from the raw synthesis gas for recycling or recovery. The potential pollutants produced are less than with coal gasification although the sulfur and condensate treatments are generally similar. The cleanest of the synthesis gas generations is reforming of natural gas or naphtha. The low levels of sulfur in most natural gasses can be removed in a fixed-bed adsorption system. Higher levels of sulfur are treated in solvent adsorption-stripping systems for acid gas removal. Naphtha’s organic sulfur compounds are usually hydro treated and stripped as hydrogen sulfide before residual sulfur is removed in a fixed-bed system similar to use for natural gas before reforming. Process condensate is treated by steam stripping, a process that has become more environmentally conscious in recent years. Hydrogen gas also has health and safety factors that must be considered. While hydrogen gas itself is not toxic, it can cause suffocation by the exclusion of air. Its extreme flammability in oxygen or air presents the largest danger when working with liquid and gaseous hydrogen. Hydrogen is difficult to detect if released, partly due to it being odorless, colorless, and burning with a nearly invisible flame. Hydrogen can be explosive in mixtures with fluorine and has much wider detonation and flammability limits when mixed with air than either gasoline or methane. There are mandatory regulations governing the safe distribution, handling, and use of both liquid and gaseous hydrogen. The steam methane reforming process for producing chemical hydrogen is the most common manufacturing process for hydrogen and is vital to the petroleum refining industry. Steam methane reforming desulfurizes light hydrocarbon feeds and converts them into synthesis gas which is then purified by CO2 scrubbing and methanation or through pressure-swing adsorption purification depending on the level of purity desired. Natural gas or naphtha reform is the most environmentally friendly and cost effective of the processes available to produce hydrogen. The health and safety concerns for hydrogen are mostly due to its flammability in oxygen or air combined with difficulties detecting a hydrogen spill. Large scale hydrogen production can have environmental impacts, but when federal and local regulations are followed the environmental effects are minimized.

Analytical Essay Topics For College Students

Analytical Essay Topics For College StudentsAnalytical essays can be created to reflect a deeper understanding of a specific subject. Many people choose to develop their own topic based on an interest that they have. The following are just a few topic options available to undergraduate students who desire to have an analytical essay.This is a very interesting topic because it allows you to give insight into one of the main institutions of this world. If you are a student of a specific area then this is a great topic to pursue. These types of analytical essays allow you to explore a topic in depth. This can lead to insight into something that might not otherwise be explored.Most students have a common perspective about the work place. That is the perspective that you want to explore here. From here you can discuss your job and why you love what you do. Some of the topics you can discuss include motivation, what it means to be part of a team, and how people feel when they are working t ogether.One reason why many college students give a lot of homework is because of the subject matter. The analytical essay topics for college students can also include writing papers or essays for class assignments. The focus of these types of essays is important to consider. You may be asked to think about a particular topic or you may be given a choice. The first option allows you to write from your personal point of view but does not usually permit you to talk about why you love the subject.These analytical essay topics for college students are generally categorized as research related. The focus here is on the topic being investigated. For example, if you were studying to become a dentist you could work on your essay and mention how a particular tooth cavity affected you in such a way. Perhaps you will discuss how people view dentists and why you would like to join the profession. This is often the more personal of the analytical essay topics for college students.If you were a h igh school science teacher then this type of essay would be perfect for you. It is a little more detailed and focuses on the areas of study you would like to specialize in. Although this is more focused than many other topics, this can help you hone in on a subject that you enjoy. The topics may include trends in the field, which can be useful in the future.These are just a few of the topics available to you if you are interested in creating analytical essay topics for college students. It is important to decide which one you would prefer. There are also many methods available to help you decide which topics are most helpful to you.

Why You Should Avoid Checkbook Journalism

Why You Should Avoid Checkbook Journalism Checkbook journalism is when reporters or news organizations pay sources for information, and for a variety of reasons most news outlets frown on such practices or ban them outright. The Society of Professional Journalists, a group that promotes ethical standards in journalism, says checkbook journalism is wrong and shouldnt be used- ever. Andy Schotz, chairman of the SPJs ethics committee, says paying a source for information or an interview immediately puts the credibility of the information they provide in doubt. Exchanging money when youre looking for information from a source changes the nature of the relationship between the reporter and the source, Schotz says. It calls into question whether theyre talking to you because its the right thing to do or because theyre getting money. Schotz says reporters thinking about paying sources for information should ask themselves: Will a paid source tell you the truth, or tell you what you want to hear? Paying sources creates other problems. By paying a source you now have a business relationship with someone youre trying to cover objectively, Schotz says. Youve created a conflict of interest in the process. Schotz says most news organizations have policies against checkbook journalism. But lately there seems to be a trend to try to make a distinction between paying for an interview and paying for something else. This seems to be especially true for TV news divisions, a number of which have paid for exclusive interviews or photographs (see below). Full Disclosure is Important Schotz says if a news outlet does pay a source, they should disclose that to their readers or viewers. If theres a conflict of interest, then what should come next is explaining it in detail, letting viewers know you had a separate relationship other than just that of a journalist and a source, Schotz says. Schotz admits that news organizations not wanting to be scooped on a story might resort to checkbook journalism, but he adds: Competition doesnt give you license to cross ethical boundaries. Schotz advice for aspiring journalists? Dont pay for interviews. Dont give sources gifts of any kind. Dont try to exchange something of value in return for getting a sources comments or information or access to them. Journalists and sources shouldnt have any other relationship other than the one involved in gathering news. Here are some examples of checkbook journalism, according to the SPJ: ABC News paid $200,000 to Casey Anthony, the Florida woman accused of killing her 2-year-old daughter, Caylee, for exclusive rights to videos and pictures that ran on the network and its website. Earlier ABC had paid for Caylee Anthonys grandparents to stay three nights at a hotel as part of the networks plan to interview them.CBS News reportedly agreed to pay Caylee Anthonys grandparents $20,000 as a licensing fee to participate in the networks news coverage.ABC paid for Pennsylvania resident Anthony Rakoczy to pick up his daughter in Florida after a fake kidnapping attempt and for return plane tickets for Rakoczy and his daughter. ABC covered the trip and disclosed the free air travel.NBC News provided a chartered jet for New Jersey resident David Goldman and his son to fly home from Brazil after a custody battle. NBC got an exclusive interview with Goldman and video footage during that private jet ride.CNN paid $10,000 for the rights to an image taken by Jasper Schuringa, the Dutc h citizen who overpowered an alleged Christmas Day bomber on a flight from Amsterdam to Detroit. CNN also got an exclusive interview with Schuringa.

5 Differences Between Italian and English Capitalization

5 Differences Between Italian and English Capitalization While there aren’t a ton of differences between Italian and English when it comes to areas like punctuation or writing style, there are a handful you should know about in the realm of capitalization. Many words that are capitalized in English are not capitalized in Italian, and while knowing this won’t increase your spoken conversational ability, it will make your written communication, like emails and text messages, feel more natural. Differences in Capitalization Between Italian and English Italian and English capitalization differs in these areas: Days of the weekMonths of the yearProper adjectivesTitles of books, movies, plays, etc.Personal titles such as Mr., Mrs., and Miss. Days of the Week Here are some examples with the days of the week.   Arriva domenica. - He is arriving on Sunday.Ci vediamo lunedà ¬! - We’ll see each other on Monday! / See you Monday!Sei libero giovedà ¬? Ti va di prendere un aperitivo? - Are you free on Thursday? Do you want to get an aperitivo with me?A mercoledà ¬! - To Wednesday! (This is a common way to tell someone that you’ll be seeing them for the plans you made. In this case, the plans are on Wednesday.) Months of the year Il mio compleanno à ¨ il diciotto aprile. - My birthday is April 18.Vado in Italia a gennaio. Sicuramente si geler! - I’m going to Italy in January. It’s going to be really cold!A marzo, ho appena finito un corso intensivo di italiano. - I just finished an intensive Italian course in March. TIP: Notice how the preposition â€Å"a† goes before the month. Proper adjectives Proper adjectives are the descriptive form of the noun. For example, she’s from Canada (proper noun), which makes her Canadian (proper adjective). Lei à ¨ russa. - She’s Russian.Penso che siano canadesi. - I think they’re Canadian.Riesco a capire dal suo accento che lui à ¨ italiano. - I can tell from his accent that he’s Italian. Titles of Books, Movies, Plays, Etc. If you’re writing about a recent book or movie that you just read, you won’t capitalize the beginning of each letter in the title (excluding articles and conjunctions). Abbiamo appena visto â€Å"La ragazza del fuoco† L’hai visto anche tu? - We just saw Catching Fire. Did you also see it?Hai letto â€Å"L’amica geniale† di Elena Ferrante? Ti à ¨ piaciuto? - You read My Brilliant Friend by Elena Ferrante? DId you like it? Personal titles such as Mr., Mrs., and Miss. Il signor Neri à ¨ italiano. - Mr. Neri is Italian.Il mio nuovo capo si chiama signora Mazzocca. - My new boss’s name is Mrs. Mazzocca. TIP: You can use both forms with personal titles. In a formal context, like an email or a reference letter, you’ll want to capitalize all of the titles, like Prof. Arch. Dott. or Avv. minuscole a b c d e f g h i l m n o p q r s t u v z maiuscole A B C D E F G H I L M N O P Q R S T U V Z

Sustainability and Waste Management in uk catering industry Dissertation

Sustainability and Waste Management in uk catering industry - Dissertation Example .. 3.0 Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4.0 Result and Findings†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 5.0 Discussion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6.0 Conclusion and Recommendation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7.0 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8.0 Figures and Tables Figure 1: UK Catering Services Providers’ Perception of Environmental Pollution†¦ Figure 2: Common Hindrances to the Implementation of Sustainability Policies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Table 1: Factors Influencing Effective Waste Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1.0 Abstract/Introduction This paper investigates the factors affecting sustainability and waste development in UK catering industry. Efforts are made to explain the current level of awareness of the environmental pollution. Some dramatic ways to manage the waste are appropriately highlighted. This is done with a great emphasis on the governmental challenges in confronting the menace of environmental pollution and waste management. ... Elaborate literature review is conducted to buttress the fact that the threat of waste and environmental pollution is real. The methodology employed for this study is an integration of qualitative and quantitative. Questionnaires were handed out to randomly select catering services providers. And the corresponding results and findings from this study are clearly presented and utilized in discussing the continuous danger environmental pollution poses on UK catering services. Appropriate conclusion and recommendations are provided at the end of this paper. 2.0 Literature Review Sustainable development has recently become a hot topic for discussion in most businesses. According to the World Commission on Environment and Development Report (1987, P. 43), sustainable development is defined as â€Å"meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.† We can use the resources from the ecological system based on the availab le capacity of the resource base, and making sure that the wastes we create do not threaten the capacity of that particular ecosystem (Jennings and Zandbergen, 1995, P. 1019). Although some companies want to reduce environmental problems, two different perspectives are just holding back the progress (Hoffman, 2000, P. 9): The traditional aspect is concentrated on the debate about the observation of environmental legislation and the firms’ social responsibility. Second, the managers must accept that the firm’s overall strategy and environmental concerns inevitably must go hand in hand. Then, they need to find a way that satisfies the objectives of economic competitiveness and environmental protection at the same time. The environmental policy is guided by

The Brain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Brain - Essay Example Thus, young people should not consume alcohol as it may severely damage their learning and memory processes. The research on rats suggests that adolescent brains may be particularly vulnerable to alcohol-induced memory impairments and learning difficulties. The study conducted with young adults confirms this thesis; when tested under alcohol, people in their early 20s performed worse on a task which involved immediate and delayed recall than people in their late 20s. This data clearly shows the vulnerability of younger subjects to alcohol-induced memory impairments. Young people often experience blackouts-episodes of anterogate amnesia, during which they are likely to engage in risky behaviours, such as vandalism, unprotected intercourse, or violence. Later they have no recollection of their actions. It is suggested that alcohol affects memory formation as it disrupts brain plasticity and interferes with the changes in circuitry which are essential for the learning process. Alcohol use damages hippocampus, the brain region which is crucial for memory formation. Moreover, repeated exposure to alcohol in adolescence may result in long-lasting changes in brain function later in life (White, 2003). The study conducted with adolescent alcohol abusers reveals that despite their relatively short periods of drinking, young people experienced severe cognitive impairments weeks after they stopped drinking. These changes are due to sensitivity of adolescent hippocampus to the neurotoxic effects of long-lasting use of alcohol. The data suggests that the subjects who abuse alcohol in their early adolescence are more vulnerable to hippocampal damage in the future. Use of alcohol in adolescence severely affects the establishment of new memories as well as memorization skills and learning capacities. Due to common blackouts, adolescent drinkers are likely to engage in risky behaviours. Moreover, extensive alcohol

Social Constructions Of Tuberculosis Sociology Essay

Social Constructions Of Tuberculosis Sociology Essay Even in the twenty-first century tuberculosis is a major public health concern, with an estimated 8.9 million new cases and 1.7 million deaths in 2004 Dye, 2006. TB is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis and it primary affects the lungs however it can also affect organs in the circulatory system, nervous system and lymphatic system as well as others. Commonly in the majority of cases an individual contracts the TB bacterium which then multiplies in the lungs often causing pneumonia along with chest pain, coughing up blood and a prolonged cough. As the bacterium spreads to other parts of the body, it is often interrupted by the bodys immune system. The immune system forms scar tissue or fibrosis around the TB bacteria and this helps fight the infection and prevents the disease from spreading throughout the body and to other people. If the bodys immune system is unable to fight TB or if the bacteria breaks through the scar tissue, the disease r eturns to an active state with pneumonia and damage to kidneys, bones, and the meninges that line the spinal cord and brain (Crosta, 2012). Thus, TB is generally classified as either latent or active; latent TB is the state when bacteria are present in the body however presents no systems therefore is inactive and not contagious. Whereas, active TB is contagious and can consists of numerous aforementioned symptoms. This essay will attempt to illustrate the ways in which social constructions of TB reflect wider socio-cultural values within contemporary global society. In the first part I will examine the historical context of TB and its link with poverty which continues on in present time. Secondly, I will explore the stigmatism and isolation with TB and finally I will relate the social construction of TB with the work of Emile Durkheim. It is important to recognise the geographical disparities in the prevalence of TB. For example, countries such as Australia have a relatively low incidence of the disease with new cases primarily being identified in migrant populations a decade after their settlement. In some European nations with substantial public healthcare facilities, TB continues to be a problem particularly within large thriving cities such as London. This disproportionate increase in disease incidence compared with other community groups and national rates can be found in those who are socially disadvantaged including homeless, drug and alcohol addicted, people with HIV, prisoner populations as well as refugees and migrantsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Smith, 2009: 1). This demonstrates the negative connotations society denotes to TB infected individuals as well as suggesting that in order to better understand the social construction of TB, the history of the bacterium needs to be explored. In 1882 Koch isolated the Mycoba cterium tuberculosis and it was acknowledged that the disease was spread through overcrowded conditions, insufficient nutrition and a penurious lifestyle. It can be argued that TB has been constructed in two main ways: socially and biologically. Biologically through science as an organism and socially by the community as a slow wasting death that was often associated with pale individuals being removed from the community (Smith, 2009: 1). Throughout history TB has been ambiguously represented. Much of the Western nineteenth century fictional literature highly romanticized the disease and reinforced the prevailing practices and beliefs. Often referred to as consumption; people were described as being consumed and exhausted by the disease as symptoms were assumed to be individuals looking delicate, pale and drained of energy. Treatment during this period in history mirrored these romanticised notions. Medical care was commonly described as a combination of fresh air, companionship and rest. In contrast, many non-European countries negatively popularised TB as part of vampire myths as people tried to make sense of the disease symptoms (Smith, 2010). As a result, diseased bodies were exhumed and ritually burnt to remove vampires existence (Smith, 2009: 1). This demonstrates the contrasting representations of TB within differing societies, suggesting that the hegemonic socio-cultural values of a disease in this case TB pla ys a crucial role in the social representations of a disease. As well as illustrating the importance of considering the impact of spatial and temporal differences. Following the identification of the disease the discovery of streptomycin and other anti-tuberculosis medications quickly emerged. This gave the impression that TB was no longer a major health problem but instead incurable and controllable. Despite being important for treating TN, streptomycin, isoniazid and other anti-tuberculosis drugs contained limits for treatment. Resistance quickly developed and resistant strains of the bacterium quickly emerged limiting the use of many drugs. Consequently, to stop resistance several of the anti- TB drugs are required in combination and need to be taken for a period between 6 months and two years during therapy (Gandy and Zumla, 2002). However, recent outbreaks of multi-drug (MDR) TB have once again brought the disease to the forefront of global health problems. MDR TB is said to have emerged due to inadequate treatment of TB, commonly due to over- prescribing or improper prescribing of anti-TB drugs. Problems with treatment generally occur in immunocompromised patients, such as malnourished patients and Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients (Craig et al., 2007). In addition, it can be observed that the increase in TB closely reflects the rise cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS globally. Frequently, individuals with immune disorders are not only more likely to contract and develop TB, they are also more likely to be in contact with other TB patients due to often being placed in special wards and clinics, where the disease is easily spread to others (Gray, 1996: 25). In 2009, 12% of over 9 million new TB cases worldwide were HIV-positive, equalling approximately 1.1 million people (WHO, 2010). One of the most significantly affected countries is South Africa, where 73% of all TB cases are HIV-positive (Padarath and Fonn, 2010). Furthermore, in the early twentieth century improved medical knowledge and technology allowed for better diagnosis. During this period words such as contagion and plagues were popularly used in negative terms in association to judge societies. TB was reported as a form of societal assessment, infecting the bad and the good being disease free. A number of reports suggest a sense of apprehension became apparent as differing tuberculosis beliefs began to emerge (Smith, 2009: 1). This highlights the importance of social representations in terms of common terms associated with a disease play in the social constructions of TB. Moreover, it could be argued that peoples perceptions of a disease are not only shaped by their direct experiences and the impressions received from others but also significantly through media representations of the disease (Castells, 1998). It is important to recognise the symbiotic relationship between media representations of a disease and the dominant public disc ourses. It should be acknowledged that the term discourse has multiple meanings, nevertheless this essay will employ Luptons (1992) assessment that discourse as a set of ideas or a patterned way of thinking which can be discerned within texts and identified within wider social structures. The discourses that are founded and circulated by the media (mainly newspapers) can be regarded as working to produce what Foucault (1980) calls particular understandings about the world that are accepted as truth (Waitt, 2005). Thus in the process of disseminating such truths, it could be argued that the media as a collective and commercial institution is implicated in governing populations. Meaning that the power of the media can (directly or indirectly) influence the conduct of its audiences (Lawrence et al., 2008: 728). This illustrates that media representations of a disease (TB) impact and are themselves influenced by dominant societal discourses thus helping to shape the social constructions of TB. Moreover, it could be argued that there is strong link between those associated with TB and stigmatism and isolation as well as poverty and dirt (Scambler, 1998). Historically, TB was romanticised and referred to as consumption, however once its infectious nature was recognised this notion quickly changed. By the early twentieth century, the prevailing social and cultural values at the time generally believed that the disease festered in environments of dirt and squalor and was known as the diseases of the poor which could then be spread to the middle and upper classes. However, by the twenty-first century this discourse shifted from the poor (although marginalised groups such as the homeless and those with AIDS were still implicated) to the role played by Third World populations in harbouring the disease which threatens to explode into the developed world (Lawrence et al., 2008: 729). This demonstrates that as societys socio-cultural values change the way in which disease is constru cted and perceived also changes. It is important to consider the ways which these socio-cultural values change as well as acknowledge the interlinked relationship between dominant discourses, media representations and prevailing socio-cultural values. The relationship between TB and poverty has been recognised (Elender, Bentham and Langford, 1998) and arguably may not only reflect medical and social characteristics of poor individuals, but also characteristics of housing and neighbourhood which foster airborne spread of TB infection, such as crowding and poor ventilation. Population groups with an increased prevalence of latent infection (such as new immigrants) are disproportionately found in poor areas- often with lower quality housing (Wanyeki et al,. 2006: 501). This illustrates that not only socio-cultural values influence the social constructions of TB but socio-economic factors such as income and housing play a key role too. Additionally, it is important to recognise the global disparities with TB. For example, Dodor et al (2008) argue that in countries where treatment for TB is not readily available, the disease has become highly stigmatised and infected individuals are exceedingly discriminated. According to Link and Phelan (2001) stigma arises when a person is identified by a label that sets the person apart and prevailing cultural beliefs link the person to undesirable stereotypes that result in loss of status and discrimination (Gerrish, Naisby and Ismail, 2012: 2655). This can be illustrates in common cases where people with TB often isolate themselves in order to avoid infecting others may try to hide their diagnosis to reduce the risk of being shunned (Baral et al,. 2007). From research in Thailand, Johansson et al. (2000) distinguish two main forms of stigma; one based on social discrimination and second on fear from self-perceived stigma. Furthermore, patients commonly experience social isolati on in family sphere where they are obligated to eat and sleep separately (Baral et al,. 2007). This is a common case in countries such as India where little factual knowledge exists about the causes and treatments of TB and access to the necessary healthcare is diminutive (Weiss and Ramakrishna, 2006). As well as many rural communities where knowledge is passed through previous generations; stigmatism and isolation related to TB is substantial- representing the social cultural beliefs of the community. It is important to recognise that the stigma and its associated discrimination have a significant impact on disease control (Macq, Solis and Martinez, 2006). Concern about being identified as someone with TB can potentially put off people who suspect they have TB to get proper diagnosis and treatment. These delays in diagnosis and treatment mean that people remain infectious longer thus are more likely to transmit the disease to others (Mohamed at al,. 2011). In a study conducted by Balasubramanian, Oommen and Samuel (2000) in Kerala, India stated that stigma and fears about being identified with TB were responsible for 28% of patients and this was a significantly greater problem for women (50%) than men (21%). This illustrates those socio- cultural values, for example the gender inequality highly present in Indian societies has a crucial impact on the social construction of TB. Also, in another study of social stigma related to TB conducted in Maharashtra, India, showed that stigma and discrimination of the disease resulted in late diagnosis and treatment. Moranker et al,. (2000) found that 38 out of 80 patients they studies (40 women and 40 men) reported to actively attempting to hide their disease from the community. Social vulnerability contributed to womens reticence to disclose TB, and such women were typically widows or married and living with joint families (Weiss, Ramakrishna and Somma, 2006: 281). This demonstrates the extent to which negative socio-cultural beliefs and values about TB can help to construct the disease- in terms of diagnosis, treatment and contagion. Emile Durkheims (1915) work can help to better understand the argument that social constructions of TB reflect wider socio-cultural values. One of Durkheims core arguments was his claim that the ideas of time, space, class, cause and personality are constructed out of social elements. This allows us to examine the human body not only as a reflection of social elements but it draws attention to changes over time. Durkheims idea that space and classification are socially constructed stems from the collective experience of the social group. According to Durkheim the fundamental social division is dualistic in that one is between the social group and the other not the social group; which he applied to religion resulted in the sacred and the profane. This central framework can then be used to various ways of viewing the world. Simply put as one geographic space could be labelled as A and another as not A. Social anthropologist Mary Douglas (1966) extended this Durkheimian vision and disce rned that: far from a chasm separating the sacred and profane, as Durkheim had argued, there was a potential space which existed outside the classification system: this unclassified space polluted the purity of classification and was therefore seen as potentially dangerousà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Douglass analysis of purity and danger can equally be applied to the rules underpinning public health which are concerned with maintaining hygiene. The basic rule of hygiene is that some things are clean and others are dirty and therefore dangerous. Danger arises primarily from objects existing outside the classification system and therefore by determining what is dangerous and where it comes from it is possible to reconstruct the contemporary classification system (Armstrong, 2012: 16-17). This illustrates the essays central argument that social constructions of TB reflect wider socio- cultural values- meaning that till present day in many parts of the world TB is still perceived as an unknown variable and thus outside of societys normal classification system therefore is commonly professed synonymously with connotations of danger and dirt. These results in significant stigmatism, isolation and discrimination associated with individuals with TB (Heijnders and Van Der Meij, 2006). Furthermore, this highlights the fluid nature of social constructions of TB- meaning that since societies change over time so do their values and beliefs resulting in changes in the ways in which disease are socially constructed. Therefore, in order to fully understand how social constructions of TB reflect wider socio-cultural values, the historical context in which these factors are based and the dominant discourses must be considered. For example, in the mid nineteenth century public health, mainly relied on quarantine as a preventative method, slowly began to classify new sources of danger in objects and processes such as faeces, urine, contaminated food, smelly air, masturbation, dental sepsis, etc. The prevailing public health strategy at the time of Sanitary Science; which monitored objects entering the body (air, food, water) or leaving it (faeces, urine, etc.). Whereas, in the twentieth century new sources of danger emerged including venereal disease and TB .Thus, a new public health regime of Interpersonal Hygiene developed. Interpersonal Hygiene identified the new dangers not as emerging from nature and threatening body boundaries but as arising from other human bodies. TB, which had been a disease of insanitary conditions in the nineteenth century, became a disease of human contact, of coughing and sneezing (Armstrong, 2012: 18). This further demonstrates the changing and interlinking relationship between socio-cultural values and social constructions of TB. In conclusion, this essay has attempted to explore the various ways in which social constructions of TB reflects wider socio-cultural values in contemporary global society, by briefly examining the history of the disease and its prevalence in present time. As well as exploring the relationship between TB and poverty- statistically it can be observed that individuals with TB often belong to marginalised social groups and economically impoverished groups. Also, global disparities of TB prevalence was noted demonstrating that since each society is different and has varying socio-cultural beliefs and in lieu of the social constructionist theory this essay has adopted it could be argued that each society has its own particular social construction of TB influenced by its unique socio-cultural beliefs. This may be problematic given that if social constructions of TB are diverse but TB is perceived as a global health problem thus requiring global action then the nuances between the diverse s ocial constructions of TB will be overlooked thereby arguably hindering the possibility of improving TB diagnosis and treatment. This also points to the need for not only considering the medical sphere of TB but also if we argue that TB is socially constructed then it is important to recognise the need for including the social aspects to health policies. Furthermore, this essay examined the link between TB and stigmatism, isolation and discrimination through time and present day. Establishing that there are two main types of stigma associated with people with TB; self-stigmatism and societal stigmatism. Both are results of the negative connotations TB has held throughout time. Also, I briefly examined the role media representations play on the social construction of TB- particularly newspapers where the reader is viewed as an active agent. Finally, I utilised Emile Durkheims work to better understand and link the arguments presented in the essay. Durkheim states that ideas of time, space, class, personality are all produced with social elements. This highlights the argument that not only does the social construction of TB reflect wider socio-cultural values but that these values change over time thus the social construction of TB also correspondingly changes. Word Count: 2997